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香港數十年來最致命的一次住宅火災

 



📰 事件回顧 — 什麼發生了

  • 火災發生於 2025 年 11 月 27 日,地點是 Wang Fuk Court(大埔,新界北部的一個住宅屋苑)。該屋苑 8 棟高層樓宇正在進行外牆/外部維修工程,並包覆著竹棚架、塑膠網和泡沫保溫材料等。 Philstar.com+2VnExpress International+2

  • 火勢迅速蔓延,最終波及屋苑中 7 棟大廈。據報,截至 2025 年 12 月 2 日/3 日,死亡人數已達約 156 至 159 人,成為香港數十年來最致命的一次住宅火災。 yahoo-news.com.hk+3Reuters+3Reuters+3

  • 死者年齡涵蓋嬰兒至高齡 90 多歲,包含孩童、長者、家庭、外籍傭工、甚至一名消防員。失聯/待確認身份者仍有不少。 Sing Tao Canada+3Reuters+3AP News+3

  • 火災對居民造成極大破壞,整個屋苑住戶生活被打亂,數千人受影響。許多人在哀悼、尋找親人,整個社區沉浸在震撼與悲傷中。


🔎 為什麼火災那麼可怕 — 背後的制度與技術問題

從目前掌握的資訊來看,這場火災之所以如此 devastating(毀滅性),背後有一系列結構性與制度性疏失/操守問題:

  • 使用不符合防火標準的建材。涉事屋苑在翻新期間使用了塑膠網、防火等級不足的網布,以及保溫泡沫板(insulation foam / foam boards),這些材料被指「大幅助燃」,在火源起點就迅速引燃並高效率地將火蔓延到整棟建築。 Philstar.com+2VnExpress International+2

  • 消防/安全系統失效或不足。據報導,有火警警報器在事發時沒有啟動(或被禁用/無法工作),延誤了早期警示與疏散。這導致許多居民喪失逃生黃金時間。 AP News+2The Guardian+2

  • 監管與履歷追蹤制度薄弱。有居民曾就屋苑維修工程的安全性提出投訴,但被當局以「風險低」為由淡化。報導指出,負責工程的公司曾混用不同防火等級的網布 —— 而目標地點往往是「檢查者難以取得樣本」的區域,也就是說,有意隱匿不合格材料,以降低檢查風險。 The Guardian+2The Star+2

  • 利潤/成本考量凌駕安全。從警方與政府對被捕人士的指控來看,使用廉價、不合規材料、削減成本,是這起災難的重要原因之一。有人甚至用「有意、預謀」來形容。 Philstar.com+2Bastille Post+2

總之,這不只是一起「意外」——更像是多項制度與人為不當操作長時間累積的悲劇。


⚖️ 追責與調查 — 誰要為此負責?

  • 當局已逮捕至少 15 人,以「涉嫌誤殺(manslaughter)」罪名起訴,其中包括負責維修/外牆工程、搭棚架、外牆維修公司的高層、顧問,以及相關承建商。年齡從 40 歲到 77 歲不等。 Bastille Post+2Sing Tao Canada+2

  • 同時,有 12 人被偵查是否涉及貪污/腐敗(corruption)——被懷疑在工程招標與施工中圖利、不透明,或貪圖便宜混用不良材料。 VnExpress International+2CBS News+2

  • 政府(由 John Lee 領導)宣布成立「由法官主持的獨立委員會」(judge-led independent investigation committee),深入調查火災起因、蔓延過程、建築/翻修監管責任、防火標準落實情況,以及背後制度漏洞。 Al Jazeera+2VnExpress International+2

  • 這場火災所引發的憤怒與不信任遠不只是對承建商。對許多香港人來說,它揭示了長期以來公共住宅、高樓維修管理/監察的結構性缺陷,也暴露出監管鬆懈、權責不清、透明度低的痛點。


💔 社會與人道面 — 這場災難對香港居民與社會的影響

這場火災帶來的衝擊不只是「統計數字」——它對活生生的家庭、社區、城市信任感造成深遠傷害:

  • 受害者年齡橫跨幼兒、長者、外傭、家庭主婦、消防員⋯⋯ 不論身分、背景,皆可能成為悲劇受害者。這種隨機而無差別的滅亡,令整個城市震驚。 VnExpress International+3Reuters+3AP News+3

  • 大量居民被迫撤離、流離失所。對曾經稱為「家」的建築失去信任,不僅是物理破壞,也是一種心理創傷 — 對安全、對制度、對「家」的信任都被撕裂。

  • 社會上出現了強烈的追責聲浪。不只是要求懲罰承建商,也有人呼籲整體公共住宅與高樓維修制度的根本改革,包括建材標準透明、公民參與監督、防火安全規定強制落實等等。這起事件可能成為香港建築與公共安全制度轉捩點。

  • 在全球、特別是都市密集地區,這也為都市安全敲響警鐘:高樓、多戶住宅、裝修工程、更新維修……任何一個環節都可能成為災難引爆點。對其他城市而言,也是值得深思的教訓。


🧱 我的觀察與反思

作為一名寫旅遊/城市生活與社會觀察的博主,我認為這場大火——不僅僅是一場事故,更像是城市「潛伏危機」的爆發。一些值得記錄與反思的角度:

  • 建築與安全,不只是技術問題,也是倫理問題。 當利潤、成本壓力、偷工減料被允許存在,「家」就可能成為陷阱。房屋不只是住的地方,也是人的安全保障。社會不能只在事後追責,而應在「預防、制度、監管」上下功夫。

  • 制度透明、參與監督的必要性。 當居民的警告/投訴被忽略,當防火標準被以成本為由削弱,才可能出現這種悲劇。政府與社會需要更強的制度設計,以保障住屋安全、公眾知情權與參與權。

  • 對弱勢群體的特別關注。 火災受害者中,有外籍傭工、有長者、有嬰兒……這提醒我們,社會中弱勢、易受傷害的群體,往往在災難中承受更大風險。城市安全政策若只偏重新建或高端住宅,而忽略低收入/公共/租住人口,就可能加劇不平等與危險。

  • 災後重建,也應重視心理與社區支持。 除了物質補償與賠償,災民需要社區支持、心理輔導、社會關懷。對整個城市社會而言,這也是一次重新審視人與建築、城市與人的連結。



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