Skip to main content

電腦斷層掃描(CT)和核磁共振(MRI) 有何不同?

2007年美國進行過七千二百萬次電腦斷層掃描,估計因此導致二萬九千個癌症病例,其中約一萬四千五百個病例有致命的可能性。美國醫療界濫用電腦j掃描。當中三分之一並非必要接受此類檢查,醫生只是為了省時及難取得病人的病歷,才為病人做掃描。電腦斷層掃描(CT)和核磁共振(MRI) 有何不同?


發生在病人身上同一部位的病,有的醫生建議做CT,有的醫生建議做MRI,讓病人感到困惑不解。

為了讓讀者有個大致了解,筆者簡單解說一下。

電腦斷層掃描 X-ray computed tomography(X-ray CT or CT Scan)和磁力共振 Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)這兩種檢查方法,由於成像原理不同,各自檢查的適應症是不同的。

(CT)檢查說到底是X線檢查,它可進行全身各臟器掃描,掃描速度快,幾秒或十幾秒時間,就可進行某個器官或全身的檢查。

但和普通X線檢查一樣,過度進行CT檢查,對人體的輻射量有明顯的危害,特別是兒童,更不要頻繁做。


(MRI)核磁共振,是利用磁場和無線電脈衝成像,一種較安全的檢查,適合任何人群,包括兒童和孕婦。但核磁共振的應用以前受到一些限制,主要是掃描速度慢,現在改變為全數字化的磁共振設備,掃描的時間越來越快,讓病人受益很多。以前做一個腹部檢查需要大約50分鐘,甚至更長時間,現在10分鐘左右就解決問題。又如做腦神經系統掃描,現在只要8分鐘左右,甚至更快。以前,一些微小的病變可能看不清楚,一些組織器官或病變或的內部結構,在圖像上顯示得模棱兩可,現在可顯示得較清晰了。


MRI的檢查時間,雖然比以前快了很多,但和CT比較仍然較慢;另外磁力共振檢查時噪聲大,雖然進行了一些降噪處理,要完全去除噪聲,目前仍需一段時間,所以檢查時,醫生會給病人帶上耳塞,以減輕噪聲對病人的心理影響。


CT和MRI,從檢查功能上來講,有重疊的地方,但又不能相互替代,要根據病人具體情況選擇。


對於軟組織病變、腫瘤等,作磁力共振(MRI)檢查的分辨率高於 CT。
所以,一般神經系統(包括腦、脊髓)、腹部實質性器官(肝、胰腺、腎臟)、乳腺及身體各部位的關節,以及全身的軟組織等,磁力共振檢查有優勢。


對於像肺、胃腸這樣含氣的器官,或者想了解冠狀動脈的情況,CT 檢查是首選。
對於腦出血性疾病,要盡快做CT檢查,以明確診斷。


雖然磁力共振檢查對腦出血性病變也能確診,但檢查時間相對較長。如果懷疑是急性腦梗死,就要馬上做磁力共振。


因為在急性腦梗死發生的12小時之內,CT難以發現病變,而磁共振在發病30分鐘左右就能確定病變部位。


隨着CT和核磁共振在臨床上的廣泛應用,而且設備不斷的更新,它們在疾病的檢查和診斷上,各顯自己的優勢。


病人對它們檢查原理有了大致了解,對醫生的檢查和治療配合多少都有好處。
照CT高危一次等同442次X光掃胸


電腦斷層掃描(CT Scan)能快捷又清晰讓醫護人員及病人掌握病情,但原來病人的致癌風險亦可能會因而提高!美國有研究顯示,由於電腦斷層掃描的放射線量驚人,病人只要做一次掃描,等如接受四百多次胸腔X光檢查,而研究人員指出,美國2007年進行的電腦斷層掃描次數多達七千多萬次,並估計因此導致近三萬宗癌病。


美國內科醫學文獻期刊,日前發表兩篇研究報告,指出病人接受電腦斷層掃描時,由於暴露在放射線下,恐增加患癌的可能性。第一項研究由加州舊金山大學教授芮貝卡‧ 賓德曼領導進行,他指出使用電腦斷層掃描的病人,暴露的放射線量比過往研究估計高達四倍。


由於過往的研究是以裝上感應器的假人作實驗,但今次研究則親身調查了1,119名病人,準確度高。芮貝卡‧賓德曼更指,研究發現接受一次電腦斷層掃描,當中暴露的放射線量,等如接受74次乳房X光檢查,或442次胸腔X光檢查。


第二項研究報告則由國家癌症研究所發表,有份研究的艾米‧岡薩雷斯是引用暴露數據評估電腦掃描引發癌症的病例數字。由於電腦斷層掃描能為病人提供清晰的身體影像,比一般X光優勝,因此在美國被廣泛應用。而研究發現,2007年美國進行過七千二百萬次電腦斷層掃描,估計因此導致二萬九千個癌症病例,其中約一萬四千五百個病例有致命的可能性。


而上述研究亦發現,進行電腦斷層掃描的病人,當中三分之一並非必要接受此類檢查,醫生只是為了省時及難取得病人的病歷,才為病人做掃描。至於女性、小童及年輕人的風險更相對較高。因此研究員都建議除非醫學界能降低電腦斷層掃描的使用率,或減少病人每次接受電腦掃描時的放射線量,否則掃描的致癌風險會每年遞增。


不過,麻省綜合醫院,總放射治療師思羅爾醫生則認為,上述的估計患癌數字可能偏高,會嚇怕病人和醫生,在必要時也不敢去做電腦斷層掃描。然而,他同意美國醫療界濫用電腦斷層掃描,並建議為病人掃描前先要評估他是否有此需要。思羅爾又指,不應該在非必要的情況下讓病人接觸放射線,掃描時亦應以最低放射劑量進行。

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

RHTTC55: Unveiling a Vibrant Community for Seniors in Richmond Hill

  Introduction: RHTTC55 is a remarkable online platform that has captivated seniors in Richmond Hill with its engaging content and focus on recreational healthy table tennis and other activities for better living. With a rich history, purposeful mission, and an array of benefits, RHTTC55 has become a go-to resource for seniors seeking an active and fulfilling lifestyle. History: RHTTC55 was established in 2012, with the vision of creating a thriving community for seniors in Richmond Hill. Since its inception, it has served as a digital magazine, offering news, and insights tailored to the needs and interests of seniors. The platform has grown steadily, fostering a strong sense of camaraderie and providing a platform for seniors to connect, share experiences, and explore new avenues of personal growth. Purpose and Benefits: The primary purpose of RHTTC55 is to empower seniors by promoting recreational healthy table tennis and other activities for better living. By focusing on these...

A Joyful Potluck Celebration at McConaghy Community Centre

  16th December, 2025 our group gathered at McConaghy Community Centre for a potluck party filled with warmth, laughter, and good food. The timing was perfect—the centre has just completed a renovation, and the changes are immediately noticeable and impressive. A Fresh, Welcoming Space The newly renovated entrance is wider and brighter , creating a welcoming first impression. Inside, the assembly hall now feels more open and spacious , making it an ideal venue for community gatherings. The improved layout allowed everyone to move around comfortably, mingle freely, and truly enjoy the event. A Table Full of Flavours We had about 60 participants , and everyone brought along a favourite dish—some lovingly home‑made , others thoughtfully picked up from local restaurants . The result was a rich and colourful spread of food: Savoury dishes and comfort foods A wide selection of desserts to suit different tastes Foods representing different ethnic and cultural backgrounds The variety was ...

Langstaff Community Centre: A Thriving Hub of Recreation and Community Engagement

Introduction Langstaff Community Centre is a vibrant and inclusive facility that has been serving the local community of Langstaff for several decades. Nestled at 155 Red Maple Road in Richmond Hill, Ontario, this community center is a focal point for a wide range of programs and activities catering to diverse interests and age groups. From sports enthusiasts to seniors seeking social connections, Langstaff Community Centre offers a welcoming environment for everyone. History of Langstaff Community Centre The rich history of Langstaff Community Centre dates back to its establishment many years ago. It has since evolved into a cherished institution within the community, consistently adapting to meet the changing needs of its residents. Over the years, Langstaff Community Centre has undergone renovations and expansions, transforming into the dynamic space it is today. Location and Facilities Conveniently situated at 155 Red Maple Road in Richmond Hill, Langstaff Community Centre enjoys ...
Stop Button